How the world thinks : a global history of philosophy
【作 者】Julian Baggini
【出版社】Granta Books (2018年10月4日)
【馆藏地】理科馆外教中心（东）
【索书号】B1 /B144 /E
【简 介】In this groundbreaking global overview of philosophy, Julian Baggini travels the world to provide a wide-ranging map of human thought.
One of the great unexplained wonders of human history is that written philosophy flowered entirely separately in China, India and Ancient Greece at more or less the same time. These early philosophies have had a profound impact on the development of distinctive cultures in different parts of the world. What we call 'philosophy' in the West is not even half the story.
Julian Baggini sets out to expand our horizons in How the World Thinks, exploring the philosophies of Japan, India, China and the Muslim world, as well as the lesser-known oral traditions of Africa and Australia's first peoples. Interviewing thinkers from around the globe, Baggini asks questions such as: why is the West is more individualistic than the East? What makes secularism a less powerful force in the Islamic world than in Europe? And how has China resisted pressures for greater political freedom?
Offering deep insights into how different regions operate, and paying as much attention to commonalities as to differences, Baggini shows that by gaining greater knowledge of how others think we take the first step to a greater understanding of ourselves.
Existence, meaning, excellence : Aristotelian reflections on the meaning of life
【作 者】Andrius Bielskis
【出版社】Routledge (2017年10月17日)
【馆藏地】理科馆外教中心（东）
【索书号】B502.233 /B587 /E
【简 介】This book addresses the ‘perennial’ question of the meaning of life from the point of view of a novel interpretation of Aristotle’s teleology. Beginning with the premise that at the core of modernity and modern moral imagination are the entropy of meaning and the sense of meaninglessness, the author critically engages with the work of the post-war existentialists, chiefly that of Albert Camus and Martin Heidegger, to argue that their analyses are unconvincing and that the question of the meaning of being should therefore be approached using different assumptions, based on the notion of flourishing life. From this Aristotelian outlook, Existence, Meaning, Excellence employs Alasdair MacIntyre’s critique of modernity, together with his conceptions of practice and the narrative unity of life and tradition to provide a novel philosophical account of existence, meaning and excellence - an account which is used to contribute to debates (between Kantian and Nietzschean perspectives) on the nature of art and genius, with Mozart’s genius being used by way of illustration.
A fascinating and powerfully argued engagement with existentialist thought that draws on the ‘virtue’ tradition to explore questions of meaning, as well as wider questions within philosophy, this book will appeal to philosophers and social theorists with interests in existentialism, moral philosophy and accounts of ‘the good’ based on the notions of human flourishing.
Political correctness in the era of Trump : threat to freedom or ideological scapegoat?
【作 者】Luigi Esposito and Laura Finley
【出版社】 Cambridge Scholars Publishing (1 Jan. 2019)
【馆藏地】理科馆理科书库
【索书号】D771.2 /P769p2 /E
【简 介】In recent years, debates surrounding political correctness (PC) have once again intensified in the United States and other Western countries. Although PC has a long history, the term today is typically associated with a type of leftist-progressive puritanism that prevents people from speaking their minds or voicing uncomfortable truths that might offend members of marginalized groups or communities. In many respects, the political ascendancy of Donald J. Trump, and his appeal to millions of people not only in the USA, but around the world, hinges on the belief that his presidency represents a repudiation of the repressiveness associated with PC. Indeed, throughout his political campaign, Trump declared himself to be an anti-PC president who would always speak his mind and tell it like it is. However, while many celebrated Trumps maverick, anti-PC stance, others saw this as an attack on basic standards of decency and civil discourse. Timely and important, this collection is authored by scholars from various disciplines, and will be of interest to educators, undergraduate and graduate students, as well as anyone interested in the debates associated with the so-called culture wars in the West. Each chapter addresses how the PC debate has continued to shape social and political discourse in different areas, including race relations, gender issues, terrorism and national security, higher education, the media, and immigration. The point is made that while some of the criticisms directed against PC are worthy of serious consideration and discussion, it is also true that PC, particularly in the era of Trump, has been increasingly employed as a form of ideological scapegoat to delegitimize and roll back language, attitudes, values, behaviors, and policies that are vital for promoting objectives associated with gender and racial equality, human rights, democracy, empathy, fairness, multiculturalism, and inclusive curricula.
Why should we obey the law?
【作 者】George Klosko
【出版社】Polity (2018年12月17日)
【馆藏地】江湾馆文科借阅区
【索书号】D90-05 /K66 /E
【简 介】Whether we should obey the law is a question that affects everyone’s day-to-day life, from traffic laws to taxes. Most people obey out of habit, but the question remains: why are we morally required to do so? If we fail to obey, the state may enforce compliance, but is it right for it to do this, and if so, why?
In this book, George Klosko, a renowned authority on political obligation, skillfully probes these questions. He considers various prominent theories of obligation and shows why they are unconvincing, contending that only an approach that interweaves multiple principles, rooted in "fair play," is fully persuasive.
Klosko develops the fullest statement of his own well-known theory of political obligation while providing a clear overview of the subject. The result is both an essential introductory text for students of political theory and philosophy and a cutting-edge, original contribution to the debate.
Trade and cultural exchange in the early modern Mediterranean : Braudel's maritime legacy
【作 者】Maria Fusaro, Colin Heywood, Mohamed-Salah Omri
【出版社】I.B. Tauris (2019年12月26日)
【馆藏地】理科馆理科书库
【索书号】F551.9 /T763 /E
【简 介】"The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II" by Fernand Braudel revolutionised the study of Mediterranean history on its publication in 1949. Now, 60 years 'after Braudel', this book brings together work by area specialists and the latest research on the sea itself in the early modern period, the maritime trade that flourished there, the ships which travelled it and the men who sailed them. It opens up the subject to English-speaking readers interested in maritime history, naval history, the history of the early modern world and the historiographical legacy of Braudel.
Is it okay to sell the Monet? : the age of deaccessioning in museums
【作 者】Julia Courtney
【出版社】Rowman & Littlefield Publishers (2018年10月15日)
【馆藏地】理科馆理科书库
【索书号】G260 /I73 /E
【简 介】Museums have moved beyond exclusively collections-based missions, and the economics of museums have tightened considerably. As a result, the tenor of the discussion around the practice of deaccessioning and use of its proceeds has become livelier, if not strident. While the professional associations continue to expect adherence to their standards, Boards of Trustees are looking at museum collections as assets that can potentially be monetized to support the museum’s mission or ensure its survival.
As museum professionals and trustees engage in these discussions and make critical decisions for their institutions, they will benefit from a deeper understanding of the complex and nuanced aspects of deaccessioning, which this book presents anew.
Is It Okay to Sell the Monet? provides background on deaccessioning and disposal of deaccessioned objects and a context for changes in the field brought about by expanding missions and contracting resources. It includes an important discussion on how museums might utilize collections in new ways that benefit their visitors and communities. It provides practical guidance on the process of disposing of objects and explores the ethical standards of professional museum associations—examining their history, relevancy, and practical effect. It also delves into the complicated legal issues that sometimes challenge these ethical rules. Finally, it analyzes high profile museum case studies with important takeaways that will be useful for museums faced with similar circumstances.
English and empire : literary history, dialect, and the digital archive
【作 者】David West Brown
【出版社】Cambridge University Press (2018年10月31日)
【馆藏地】理科馆外教中心（东）
【索书号】I561.09 /B877 /E
【简 介】Combining statistical modelling and archival study, English and Empire investigates how African diasporic, Chinese, and Indian characters have been voiced in British fiction and drama produced between 1768 and 1929. The analysis connects patterns of linguistic representation to changes in the imperial political economy, to evolving language ideologies that circulate in the Anglophone world, and to shifts in sociocultural anxieties that crosscut race and empire. In carrying out his investigation, David West Brown makes the case for a methodological approach that links the distant (quantitative) and close (qualitative) reading of diverse digital artefacts. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, the book will appeal to a variety of scholars and students including sociolinguists interested in historical language variation, as well as literary scholars interested in postcolonial studies and the digital humanities.
Ancient fairy and folk tales : an anthology
【作 者】Graham Anderson
【出版社】Routledge (2019年12月5日)
【馆藏地】理科馆外教中心（东）
【索书号】I106 /A546a /E
【简 介】This anthology explores the multitude of evidence for recognisable fairy tales drawn from sources in the much older cultures of the ancient world, appearing much earlier than the 17th century where awareness of most fairy tales tends to begin.
It presents versions of Cinderella, The Emperor’s New Clothes, Snow White, The Frog Prince and a host of others where the similarities to familiar ‘modern’ versions far outweigh the differences. Here we find Cinderella as a courtesan, Snow White coming to a tragic end or an innocent heroine murdering her sisters. We find an emperor’s new clothes where the flatterers compare him to Alexander the Great, or a pair of adulterers caught in a magic trap. Tantalising fragments suggest that there is more to be discovered: we can point to a Sleeping Beauty where the girl takes on the green colouring of the surrounding wood, or we encounter a Rumpelstiltskin connected to a mystery cult. The overall picture suggests a much richer texture of popular tale as a fascinating new legacy of antiquity.
This volume breaks down the traditional barriers between Classical Mythology and the fairy tale, and will be an invaluable resource for anyone working on the history of fairy tales and folklore.
The politics of the First World War : a course in game theory and international security
【作 者】Scott Wolford
【出版社】Cambridge University Press (2019年4月18日)
【馆藏地】理科馆外教中心（东）
【索书号】K143 /W859 /E
【简 介】The Great War is an immense, confusing and overwhelming historical conflict - the ideal case study for teaching game theory and international relations. Using thirteen historical puzzles, from the outbreak of the war and the stability of attrition, to unrestricted submarine warfare and American entry into the war, this book provides students with a rigorous yet accessible training in game theory. Each chapter shows, through guided exercises, how game theoretical models can explain otherwise challenging strategic puzzles, shedding light on the role of individual leaders in world politics, cooperation between coalitions partners, the effectiveness of international law, the termination of conflict, and the challenges of making peace. Its analytical history of World War I also surveys cutting edge political science research on international relations and the causes of war. Written by a leading game theorist known for his expertise of the war, this textbook includes useful student features such as chapter key terms, contemporary maps, a timeline of events, a list of key characters and additional end-of-chapter game-theoretic exercises.
Einstein's quantum error : an approach to rationality
【作 者】Simon Altmann
【出版社】Cambridge Scholars Publishing (1 July 2018)
【馆藏地】理科馆理科书库
【索书号】N09 /A468 /E
【简 介】What is it to be rational? This is the fundamental subject of this book as long as we concern ourselves to thinking about the physical world. It used to be thought by philosophers that rational thinking required the use of principles that are absolutes, that have universal application and require no justification. This book argues that this is not so, that such principles as are used in discussing the physical world must in some way be empirically justified. The principle of causality, for instance, as this book shows, reflects the structure of the brains neural networkas created by the process of evolutionwhich is such that repeated inputs reinforce their relation to their effects. Therefore, it parallels in some way the structure of the physical world, at least insofar as the interactions of the latter with our cognitive system have guided the brains evolution. This book also discusses the various attacks on science and rationality that emerged during the twentieth century, and discusses very carefully the implications on the philosophy of science of the Theory of Evolution. A very unusual feature of this book is that it contains a number of poems attached at the end of certain chapters. These poems are not the usual science poems that are no more than the lyrical thoughts of some poets about science. They are designed to illustrate definite events in the history of science and some of the important philosophical or theological problems associated with them.